Basic knowledge of diesel engine
【Summary Description 】The advantages of diesel engines are high power and good economic performance. The working process of a diesel engine has many similarities with a gasoline engine. Each working cycle also undergoes four strokes of intake, compression, work, and exhaust. However, because the fuel used in diesel engines is diesel, its viscosity is higher than that of gasoline, and it is not easy to evaporate, but its spontaneous combustion temperature is lower than that of gasoline. Therefore, the formation and ignition methods of combustible mixture are different from those of gasoline engines.
The advantages of diesel engines are high power and good economic performance. The working process of a diesel engine has many similarities with a gasoline engine. Each working cycle also undergoes four strokes of intake, compression, work, and exhaust. However, because the fuel used in diesel engines is diesel, its viscosity is higher than that of gasoline, and it is not easy to evaporate, but its spontaneous combustion temperature is lower than that of gasoline. Therefore, the formation and ignition methods of combustible mixture are different from those of gasoline engines. The main difference is that the mixture in the cylinder of a diesel engine is compression-ignited, not ignited. When the diesel engine is working, air enters the cylinder. When the air in the cylinder is compressed to the end, the temperature can reach 500-700 ℃ and the pressure can reach 40-50 atmospheres. When the piston is close to the top dead center, the high-pressure pump on the engine injects diesel into the cylinder at high pressure. The diesel forms fine oil particles, which are mixed with high-pressure and high-temperature air. The diesel mixture burns by itself, expands violently, generates explosive force, and pushes the piston down to do work. At this time, the temperature can reach 1900-2000 ℃, the pressure can reach 60-100 atmospheres, and the generated power is very large, so diesel engines are widely used in large diesel vehicles.
The advantages of diesel engines in terms of energy saving and carbon dioxide emissions cannot be replaced by all heat engines, including gasoline engines. Therefore, advanced small high-speed diesel engines have reached the European III standard and become "green engines". At present, it has become the power plant of many new cars in Europe and America.
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